Today the proximity of reward, that what we want, is mostly “close”. The need to work hard, to struggle, and be disciplined, is today less than it was in the past. The social impacts of this are likely the reason for the recent focus on Dopamine.
You do not need a medical background to understand the importance of dopamine in being motivated to get stuff done. Simple reading will give enough insights.
The challenge that I see with youth is more and more the process in which they subconsciously derive their dopamine. From clicks and likes. Instead of building high self-worth and high intrinsic value of self, their source of dopamine is in the social mirror of themselves.
Computer gaming, the addiction, is an example activity in which many kids end up performing below their potential in life. I am sure there are skills gained in gaming, I will never know, but that is hardly justification for the bigger risk of harm. 80/20.
I see massive differences in children who get their dopamine in the work and journey leading up to their desired outcomes, rather than only in the outcomes themselves. Success without proper and sustained process is almost zero. There are no quick fixes.
Balance in all areas of life is key to effective living. Addiction is on the opposite spectrum. If dopamine release is a function of an addictive behaviour, seek professional help. It is never too late. If dopamine is a function only of the result, learn to love the journey.
Think Bigg-r 